Jeremiah 12:5

King James Version (KJV)

If thou hast run with the footmen, and they have wearied thee, then how canst thou contend with horses? and if in the land of peace, wherein thou trustedst, they wearied thee, then how wilt thou do in the swelling of Jordan?

Adam Clarke
Bible Commentary

If thou hast run with the footmen - If the smallest evils to which thou art exposed cause thee to make so many bitter complaints, how wilt thou feel when, in the course of thy prophetic ministry, thou shalt be exposed to much greater, from enemies much more powerful? Footmen may here be the symbol of common evil events; horsemen, of evils much more terrible. If thou have sunk under small difficulties, what wilt thou do when great ones come?

And if in the land of peace, wherein thou trustedst - I believe the meaning is this, "If in a country now enjoying peace thou scarcely thinkest thyself in safety, what wilt thou do in the swellings of Jordan? in the time when the enemy, like an overflowing torrent, shall deluge every part of the land?"

The overflowing of Jordan, which generally happened in harvest, drove the lions and other beasts of prey from their coverts among the bushes that lined its banks; who, spreading themselves through the country, made terrible havoc, slaying men, and carrying off the cattle.

Perhaps by footmen may be meant the Philistines, Edomites, etc., whose armies were composed principally of infantry; and by the horses, the Chaldeans, who had abundance of cavalry and chariots in their army. But still the words are proverbial, and the above is their meaning.

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Albert Barnes
Notes on the Whole Bible

Yahweh rebukes Jeremiah‘s impatience, showing him by two proverbial sayings, that there were still greater trials of faith in store for him. Prosperous wickedness is after all a mere ordinary trial, a mere “running with the footmen;” he will have to exert far greater powers of endurance.

And if in the land … - Rather, “and in a land of peace thou art secure; but how wilt thou do amid the pride of Jordan?” if thou canst feel safe only where things are tranquil, what wilt thou do in the hour of danger? The “pride of Jordan” is taken to, mean the luxuriant thickets along its banks, famous as the haunt of lions (compare Jeremiah 49:19; Jeremiah 50:44; Zechariah 11:3). What will the prophet do when he has to tread the tangled maze of a jungle with the lions roaring round him?

Jeremiah 12:6

Called a multitude - Rather, “called aloud.” Compare Jeremiah 4:5. In all this Jeremiah was the type of Christ (compare Zechariah 13:6; Mark 3:21; John 7:5).

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Matthew Henry
Concise Bible Commentary

When we are most in the dark concerning God's dispensations, we must keep up right thoughts of God, believing that he never did the least wrong to any of his creatures. When we find it hard to understand any of his dealings with us, or others, we must look to general truths as our first principles, and abide by them: the Lord is righteous. The God with whom we have to do, knows how our hearts are toward him. He knows both the guile of the hypocrite and the sincerity of the upright. Divine judgments would pull the wicked out of their pasture as sheep for the slaughter. This fruitful land was turned into barrenness for the wickedness of those that dwelt therein. The Lord reproved the prophet. The opposition of the men of Anathoth was not so formidable as what he must expect from the rulers of Judah. Our grief that there should be so much evil is often mixed with peevishness on account of the trials it occasions us. And in this our favoured day, and under our trifling difficulties, let us consider how we should behave, if called to sufferings like those of saints in former ages.

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SDA Bible Commentary (limited)
Volume 1-7

5. Hast run. God asks Jeremiah to compare his small sorrows with the larger troubles of others, or with the larger troubles that would yet come to him.

With the footmen. A figure representing the ordinary vicissitudes of life, as compared with “horses,” or “horsemen,” representing the more difficult experiences. The ordinary man could be expected to “keep up” with his fellow men. If he should become weary when running with the footmen, how could he face the harder task of keeping up with the horses? The lesson given to the prophet of old may well come home to each one today. If we neglect the minor tasks of life, how can we undertake the greater responsibilities that may come to us? If we succumb to the smaller temptations of everyday life, how can we overcome in the greater crises of life? If we cannot endure the lesser troubles of life, how can we withstand the terrible tribulations that will yet come upon us? And finally, if we fail to meet the situations of the present day with faith and trust, how will we be able to stand the almost unendurable hardships and almost overmastering delusions that will come upon us during the “time of trouble” (see GC 621, 622)?

Swelling. Heb. ga’on, “height,” “eminence,” or “pride.” The usual translation of ga’on in the OT is “pride.” There is some question as to just what is meant by the expression here, “the pride of the Jordan,” or “the height of the Jordan.” Some consider that the reference is to “the high waters of the Jordan,” denoting the overflowing of the river in harvesttime (see Joshua 3:15; 1 Chron. 12:15). Others are of the opinion that the reference is to “the high trees of the Jordan,” which, with the underlying shrubs and cane, formed a jungle inhabited by lions and other wild beasts (see Jer. 49:19; Zech. 11:3). It matters not whether the “swelling” of the Jordan is the “flood,” or the “jungle,” the contrast is clear between it and the “land of peace.”